groupcache
Summary
groupcache is a distributed caching and cache-filling library, intended as a
replacement for a pool of memcached nodes in many cases.
For API docs and examples, see http://godoc.org/github.com/golang/groupcache
Comparison to memcached
Like memcached, groupcache:
- shards by key to select which peer is responsible for that key
Unlike memcached, groupcache:
-
does not require running a separate set of servers, thus massively
reducing deployment/configuration pain. groupcache is a client
library as well as a server. It connects to its own peers, forming
a distributed cache.
-
comes with a cache filling mechanism. Whereas memcached just says
"Sorry, cache miss", often resulting in a thundering herd of
database (or whatever) loads from an unbounded number of clients
(which has resulted in several fun outages), groupcache coordinates
cache fills such that only one load in one process of an entire
replicated set of processes populates the cache, then multiplexes
the loaded value to all callers.
-
does not support versioned values. If key "foo" is value "bar",
key "foo" must always be "bar". There are neither cache expiration
times, nor explicit cache evictions. Thus there is also no CAS,
nor Increment/Decrement. This also means that groupcache....
-
... supports automatic mirroring of super-hot items to multiple
processes. This prevents memcached hot spotting where a machine's
CPU and/or NIC are overloaded by very popular keys/values.
-
is currently only available for Go. It's very unlikely that I
(bradfitz@) will port the code to any other language.
Loading process
In a nutshell, a groupcache lookup of Get("foo") looks like:
(On machine #5 of a set of N machines running the same code)
-
Is the value of "foo" in local memory because it's super hot? If so, use it.
-
Is the value of "foo" in local memory because peer #5 (the current
peer) is the owner of it? If so, use it.
-
Amongst all the peers in my set of N, am I the owner of the key
"foo"? (e.g. does it consistent hash to 5?) If so, load it. If
other callers come in, via the same process or via RPC requests
from peers, they block waiting for the load to finish and get the
same answer. If not, RPC to the peer that's the owner and get
the answer. If the RPC fails, just load it locally (still with
local dup suppression).
Users
groupcache is in production use by dl.google.com (its original user),
parts of Blogger, parts of Google Code, parts of Google Fiber, parts
of Google production monitoring systems, etc.
Presentations
See http://talks.golang.org/2013/oscon-dl.slide
Help
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