necolas/dotfiles

Dotfiles (Nicolas Gallagher)

My macOS zsh-based dotfiles.

How to install

The installation step requires the XCode Command Line Tools and may overwrite existing dotfiles in your HOME and .vim directories.

$ zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/necolas/dotfiles/main/bin/dotfiles)"

N.B. If you wish to fork this project and maintain your own dotfiles, you must substitute my username for your own in the above command and the 2 variables found at the top of the bin/dotfiles script.

What the installation does

The installation script performs the following steps in order:

1. Prompts for install location (defaults to ~/.dotfiles, or uses existing config)
2. Saves config to ~/.config/dotfiles/config for future runs
3. Downloads the repository to your chosen location (if not already present)
4. Installs Homebrew (if not already installed)
5. Installs Git via Homebrew (if not already installed)
6. Initializes a Git repository and connects it to the remote
7. Syncs with the remote repository to get the latest changes
8. Installs packages via Homebrew
9. Creates symlinks from your home directory to the dotfiles:
   • ~/.curlrc → <dotfiles>/shell/curlrc
   • ~/.gitattributes → <dotfiles>/git/gitattributes
   • ~/.gitignore → <dotfiles>/git/gitignore
   • ~/.gvimrc → <dotfiles>/vim/gvimrc
   • ~/.vim → <dotfiles>/vim
   • ~/.vimrc → <dotfiles>/vim/vimrc
   • ~/.zprofile → <dotfiles>/shell/zprofile
   • ~/.zshenv → <dotfiles>/shell/zshenv
10. Adds a hook to the top of ~/.zshrc (see Hooked files)
11. Asks for your git author identity and writes it to ~/.gitconfig, with an [include] of <dotfiles>/git/gitconfig (see Git identity)
12. Applies macOS defaults (optional, with confirmation prompt)

Custom install location

On first run, the script will prompt you for an install location:

Where would you like to install dotfiles?
Install location [~/.dotfiles]: ~/Code/dotfiles

Press Enter to accept the default (~/.dotfiles) or enter a custom path. The chosen location is saved to ~/.config/dotfiles/config and used for all future runs.

How to update

You should run the update when:

• You want to pull changes from the remote repository.
• You want to update Homebrew formulae.

You do not need to run it after editing a file in the repository. Every file is either symlinked or included, so an edit takes effect in the next shell.

Run the dotfiles command:

$ dotfiles

Options:

Quick updates during local development

When making local changes to your dotfiles, use the quick update mode to apply changes without syncing or updating packages:

$ dotfiles --link

This refreshes the symlinks and the hooks. It never removes a line that this repository did not write.

How to use

Hooked files

~/.zshrc and ~/.gitconfig are real files, not symlinks. Each holds a hook at the top that reads the dotfiles config:

Other tools write to both files, and an append follows a symlink. A symlink would send those writes into this repository.

The hook goes at the top. zsh and git both take the last value they read, so a setting below the hook overrides a dotfiles default. Put your machine-local settings there.

Git identity

Your name and email live in ~/.gitconfig. That file is not tracked, and this repository stores no identity. The installer asks once:

Git author identity
  Every commit you make carries this name and email.

  Name:  
  Email: 

To change the identity later:

$ git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

git/gitconfig sets user.useConfigOnly = true. git then refuses to commit until an identity exists, and never guesses one from the OS. So a forgotten identity stops the commit. It cannot mislabel one.

Local Vim configuration

Any special-case Vim directives local to a machine should be stored in a ~/.vimrc.local file on that machine. The directives will then be automatically imported into your master .vimrc.

Features

Automatic software installation

Homebrew formulae:

• GNU core utilities
• git
• node
• bun

Custom macOS settings

Custom macOS settings can be applied during the dotfiles process. They can also be applied independently by running:

$ dotfiles --macos

Bootable backup-drive script

These dotfiles include a script that uses rsync to incrementally back up your data to an external, bootable clone of your computer's internal drive. First, make sure that the value of DST in the bin/backup script matches the name of your backup-drive. Then run the following command:

$ backup

For more information on how to setup your backup-drive, please read the preparatory steps in this post on creating a bootable macOS backup drive.

Custom zsh prompt

When your current working directory is a Git repository, the prompt displays the checked-out branch's name. During a rebase, a merge, or a bisect it also shows the action, as main|rebase-i. The state of the working tree is reflected in the following way:

The prompt is built on zsh's own vcs_info, with one git status call per prompt. Further details are in the shell/prompt file.

Acknowledgements

Inspiration and code was taken from many sources, including:

• @mathiasbynens (Mathias Bynens) https://github.com/mathiasbynens/dotfiles
• @tejr (Tom Ryder) https://github.com/tejr/dotfiles
• @gf3 (Gianni Chiappetta) https://github.com/gf3/dotfiles
• @cowboy (Ben Alman) https://github.com/cowboy/dotfiles
• @alrra (Cãtãlin Mariş) https://github.com/alrra/dotfiles